We began in a relationship, that between the egg and the sperm, to one between fetus and mother to one between newborn and caregiver and then one between child and the world. Each relationship, including the one between fetus and mother especially during the 3rd trimester, has an emotional and physiological impact upon each participant (Marx, 2015 PMID 26053388). We are born socially connected and by nature we are social creatures. Our relationships with others play a significant role upon our mental, physical, and spiritual well-being. In our relationships we can feel valued and loved, find a sense of belonging and purpose, and experience support in difficult and challenging times. Unfortunately, many people feel disconnected from others and feel lonely and isolated. Loneliness is a risk factor for physical and mental health issues.
The size and diversity along with the quality of our social network have impacts upon our physical and mental health and well-being (Umberson, 2015 PMID 20943583) Individuals within positive relationships have lower levels of anxiety and depression while those within unhealthy relationships have a higher level of mental distress. Individuals who are more engaged in their social network tend to be happier, more satisfied with life, more physically active and healthy, mentally healthier than individuals who are less involved with their social network.
Many studies have been conducted to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic upon the mental health of individuals. Many of the studies address the relationship between the social restrictive part of the pandemic and the mental well-being of individuals. Consistently, findings were found of increased emotional distress related to social restrictions. Mental health and depression symptoms significantly increased during periods of social restrictions (Witteveen, 2023 PMID 37098048). A systematic review on the impact of COVID-19 on adolescent mental health of 16 quantitative studies that globally adolescents experienced higher levels of emotional distress due to the pandemic. Also, adolescents increased the use of alcohol and cannabis during the pandemic. In addition, the researchers discovered such factors as social support and parent-child discussions had a positive impact upon the adolescents’ mental health during the pandemic (Jones, PMID 33802278). Developing new and deeper relationships involves intention and effort but some of the many benefits include less symptoms of depression and anxiety, greater satisfaction with life, higher sense of well-being, more vitality, and healthier physical functioning (Arewasikporn, 2019 PMID 30295327). Establishing, maintaining, expanding, and deepening social connection is unique to each person but there are some common and shared approaches that may offer some guidance for those seeking connection.
Nurture existing relationships by giving them time and attention. Consider developing deeper high-quality relationships with those already within your social network. This may require scheduling time within a busy schedule to intentionally create opportunities to be fully present with the people close to you. Thoughtfully address any negative thoughts or feelings that may come up in the relationship instead of suppressing them. Express appreciation and gratitude for the person and the relationship. Parents can consider taking time to have one-on-one discussions with your children. Look for signs of emotional distress within your children such as withdrawal and isolation, irritability, increased emotional dysregulation, and/or changes in their eating and sleeping habits.
Ways to expand social networks include looking for ways to connect with others. This could include finding groups of people who share similar values, causes and interests. It could include doing shared activities with others like golf, pickle ball, tennis, hiking and walking, kayaking, or going to the gym. Although technology can distract us from engaging with others in a way it also opens doors for us to connect with a wider range of people. There are numerous and various online support and special interest groups. Expanding and deepening our social connectedness can be fun and exciting in addition to all the extra benefits that come with it.
